Condition of African-Americans in the late nineteenth...

Examine the condition of African-Americans in the late nineteenth century and explain why the Thirteenth Amendment, the Fourteenth Amendment, and the Fifteenth Amendment, which were enacted to aid the new freedmen, actually did little. In the late nineteenth century after the civil war the U.S. was over, there were about 4 million people that were once slaves that were now set free. The big question for President Lincoln and the presidents that followed was what to do with them? Even though the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments were passed to free and aid the freed slaves it actually did very little to help them at all because many other events that took place, which prevented them from working. The white southern†¦show more content†¦During the sharecropping the Jim Crowe laws were passed, which it illegal for blacks to quite their sharecropping job until all their debts are paid. This kept black working in sharecropping as well as keeping them in debt. The Slaughter-House decision by the Supreme Court limited the power of the Fourteenth Amendment. It declared that the Jim Crowe laws were state laws and that they could not over turn them because the federal government did not have power over state laws. It also declared that national citizenship and state citizenship were different. In the U.S. v. Cruikshank the court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give the federal government power to act against the whites, who attacked a meeting of blacks and conspired deprive them of their rights, and they said that the duty of protecting equal rights for citizens was in the states hands. So the federal government could not do anything about one person violating another’s civil rights that lived in the same state. The Fifteenth Amendment gave black males over the age of 21 the right to vote. However, southern states set up poll taxes and literacy test in order to keep most blacks from voting. In order to keep the white votes they set up the grandfather clause, which allowed the seventy-five percent of the poor illiterate white people to still vote if they were the son or grandson of someone who was eligible to vote before 1867. During reconstruction a group formed in the south called the Ku KluxShow MoreRelatedA Rose For Emily Character Analysis1269 Words   |  6 Pages A Rose for Emily William Faulkner’s, A Rose for Emily, is an account from an eye witness’ perspective of the life and dilemma of a noble woman belonging to the bankrupt aristocratic family in the late nineteenth century. It’s a tale of a woman who due to her seclusion at the hands of her father and severe critique by the society turns into a mentally unstable person. The character of Emily is intriguing in its stubbornness of defying the changes around her. She is set in her ways and unwillingRead MoreAnalysis Of Booker T. Washington1630 Words   |  7 PagesBooker T. Washington and W.E.B. 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Due to â€Å"†¦falling agricultural prices and growing economic dependency† (Foner 636) in the mid-nineteenth century, farmers in the South began to face inevitable economic uncertainty. Farmers, both white and black alike, were thrown into poverty due to sharecropping and the fall of the price of cotton, and many faced the fear of losing everything they hadRead MoreSlavery1305 Words   |  6 Pages1670 the crop, tobacco, took over the nation. In fact, slavery didn’t really come into play in the laws until the 1660s. In the early 1680s Virginia wanted to alter what a slave was, earlier defined by the House of Burgess. The Europeans saw African Americans as human beings, but their actions towards them did not say the same. Slaves that used to be put to work while on the ships did not appreciate it at all. Almost 15% of the slaves on the ship die on their way to a destination due to no food orRead MoreThe Black Codes Of Mississippi1086 Words   |  5 PagesReport on Conditions in the South was written in 1865 by Carl Schurz. This report was ordered by President Lyndon B. Johnson, Johnson wanted a report of whether the southern whites had accepted emancipation and their defeat or not, and whether the Unionists and southern ex-slaves were safe and receiving fair treatment in the South. During the Late Nineteenth Century, white southerners used strict laws within the legal system and violence to prolong the economic and political oppression of African AmericansRead MoreThe Making Of A Nation1519 Words   |  7 PagesThe Making of a Nation The history of the United States could nearly not be written without the affirmation and recognition of the practice of slavery on American soil. 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Dynamic Asset Allocation Financial Markets †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Dynamic Asset Allocation for Financial Markets. Answer: Introduction: The concept of maximization of shareholders wealth is that it focuses on enhancing the overall value of business instead of focusing on short-terms benefits or returns. On other hand, concept of maximization of profit is essentially a short-term approach that does not lead to increased value of business. The main objective of maximizing the wealth of shareholders is that it results in efficiently allocating capital and maximizing the return on capital. The concept is related with increasing the shareholders wealth by increasing the business value (Bae et al., 2014). Maximizing the wealth of shareholders is one of the universally accepted objectives of any organization. The concept of maximizing the wealth of shareholders came into being after the concept of profit maximization. Value of shareholders would improve with the increase in price of shares that is regarded as the net worth business function. The drawbacks of maximization of profit model are obviated by the employment of model of wealth maximization. Capital investments made by organization should be able to generate return that is more than the required rates of return such investments made such that this would lead to maximizing the wealth of shareholders. However, an increase in profit of organization indirectly increases the wealth of shareholders. This is so because this would generate higher dividend payment to shareholders that would involve long-term pay offs to customers. Maximization of wealth of shareholders is the responsibility of management by allocating resources in way that would help in generating highest returns and at the same time mitigating the risks. A detailed and in depth analysis if cash flow associated with investments is required to be conducted by management. Risk aversing investors are one when they are face with two investment decisions, they would prefer the investments with lower risks. Their portfolio comprise of assets that does not carry any risks and generates a fixed income. Such types of investors prefer making investments in government bonds, treasury bills, fixed deposits and certificate of deposits that generates lower rate of return. However, they often lose out on higher return by not making investments in capital assets that has the opportunity of providing investors with higher return. They often lag behind investing in right investment vehicle and are not able to participate in the market (Deguest et al., 2013). Making an investment in lower return and risk free assets deprive them of advantage that is generated from growth of market and higher level of profits. The establishment of relationship volatility and high level of profits is difficult for such investors. Making investments in risky assets would provide long-term benefits to investor seeking investment in such assets. Expected returns for investors are lower for investors who are willing to take additional risks on their investments. There always exists trade off between risk and returns generated by investments. Investment with lower risk generates lower return and investments with higher risks generate higher returns. Apprehension of investors investing in risky assets is mainly because of the fall in stock value in market. Tax advantage is the main benefits of making investment in capital market assets (Harlow Brown, 2016). It is essential for corporate managers to make optimum allocation between risky assets and risk free assets. Some additional costs are involved in making investments in long-term assets and strategies that should be adopted by organization is incorporating the level of tolerable risks and generates desirable level of returns. However, it can be said that investments in risky asset leads to increased business risks and therefore, corporate managers should not always undertake investments in risk free assets. CBA Rio Tinto All Ordinary Index Date Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return 1/31/2016 59.99 40.28 4947.90 2/29/2016 66.61 11.04% 42.69 5.98% 5151.80 4.12% 3/31/2016 65.70 -1.37% 51.55 20.75% 5316.00 3.19% 4/30/2016 68.84 4.79% 44.69 -13.31% 5447.80 2.48% 5/31/2016 66.12 -3.95% 45.50 1.81% 5310.40 -2.52% 6/30/2016 68.77 4.01% 49.56 8.92% 5644.00 6.28% 7/31/2016 63.85 -7.16% 47.60 -3.95% 5529.40 -2.03% 8/31/2016 67.17 5.21% 51.61 8.42% 5525.20 -0.08% 9/30/2016 68.09 1.37% 54.18 4.98% 5402.40 -2.22% 10/31/2016 72.97 7.17% 57.75 6.59% 5502.40 1.85% 11/30/2016 76.46 4.78% 59.90 3.72% 5719.10 3.94% 12/31/2016 75.77 -0.91% 66.68 11.32% 5675.00 -0.77% CBA Rio Tinto All Ordinary Index Date Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return 1/31/2016 59.99 40.28 4947.90 2/29/2016 66.61 11.04% 42.69 5.98% 5151.80 4.12% 3/31/2016 65.70 -1.37% 51.55 20.75% 5316.00 3.19% 4/30/2016 68.84 4.79% 44.69 -13.31% 5447.80 2.48% 5/31/2016 66.12 -3.95% 45.50 1.81% 5310.40 -2.52% 6/30/2016 68.77 4.01% 49.56 8.92% 5644.00 6.28% 7/31/2016 63.85 -7.16% 47.60 -3.95% 5529.40 -2.03% 8/31/2016 67.17 5.21% 51.61 8.42% 5525.20 -0.08% 9/30/2016 68.09 1.37% 54.18 4.98% 5402.40 -2.22% 10/31/2016 72.97 7.17% 57.75 6.59% 5502.40 1.85% 11/30/2016 76.46 4.78% 59.90 3.72% 5719.10 3.94% 12/31/2016 75.77 -0.91% 66.68 11.32% 5675.00 -0.77% Average Monthly Holding Period Return 2.27% 5.02% 1.29% CBA Rio Tinto All Ordinary Index Date Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return 1/31/2016 59.99 40.28 4947.90 2/29/2016 66.61 11.04% 42.69 5.98% 5151.80 4.12% 3/31/2016 65.70 -1.37% 51.55 20.75% 5316.00 3.19% 4/30/2016 68.84 4.79% 44.69 -13.31% 5447.80 2.48% 5/31/2016 66.12 -3.95% 45.50 1.81% 5310.40 -2.52% 6/30/2016 68.77 4.01% 49.56 8.92% 5644.00 6.28% 7/31/2016 63.85 -7.16% 47.60 -3.95% 5529.40 -2.03% 8/31/2016 67.17 5.21% 51.61 8.42% 5525.20 -0.08% 9/30/2016 68.09 1.37% 54.18 4.98% 5402.40 -2.22% 10/31/2016 72.97 7.17% 57.75 6.59% 5502.40 1.85% 11/30/2016 76.46 4.78% 59.90 3.72% 5719.10 3.94% 12/31/2016 75.77 -0.91% 66.68 11.32% 5675.00 -0.77% Annual Holding Period Return 1.96% 4.29% 1.15% CBA Rio Tinto All Ordinary Index Date Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return 1/31/2016 59.99 40.28 4947.90 2/29/2016 66.61 11.04% 42.69 5.98% 5151.80 4.12% 3/31/2016 65.70 -1.37% 51.55 20.75% 5316.00 3.19% 4/30/2016 68.84 4.79% 44.69 -13.31% 5447.80 2.48% 5/31/2016 66.12 -3.95% 45.50 1.81% 5310.40 -2.52% 6/30/2016 68.77 4.01% 49.56 8.92% 5644.00 6.28% 7/31/2016 63.85 -7.16% 47.60 -3.95% 5529.40 -2.03% 8/31/2016 67.17 5.21% 51.61 8.42% 5525.20 -0.08% 9/30/2016 68.09 1.37% 54.18 4.98% 5402.40 -2.22% 10/31/2016 72.97 7.17% 57.75 6.59% 5502.40 1.85% 11/30/2016 76.46 4.78% 59.90 3.72% 5719.10 3.94% 12/31/2016 75.77 -0.91% 66.68 11.32% 5675.00 -0.77% Standard Deviation 5.26% 8.64% 2.99% CBA Rio Tinto Date Stock Price Holding Period Return Stock Price Holding Period Return Beta 1.1 0.95 Expected Returns 7.38% 6.81% Weightage 60% 40% Portfolio Return 7.15% Portfolio Beta 1.04 Reference: Bae, G. I., Kim, W. C., Mulvey, J. M. (2014). Dynamic asset allocation for varied financial markets under regime switching framework.European Journal of Operational Research,234(2), 450-458. Deguest, R., Martellini, L., Meucci, A. (2013). Risk parity and beyond-from asset allocation to risk allocation decisions. Harlow, W. V., Brown, K. C. (2016). Market Risk, Mortality Risk, and Sustainable Retirement Asset Allocation: A Downside Risk Perspective.Journal of Investment Management,14(2), 5-32.